Glossary

Glossary - S

Sarcomatous Mesothelioma - a type of mesothelioma which develops in mesenchymal cells. Between 10% and 15% of mesothelioma is sarcomatous.

Scan - a medical imaging test that is used to diagnose diseases such as mesothelioma. Common types of scans include CT, MRI, and PET scans.

Serpentine Asbestos - a type of asbestos that is characterized by the curly appearance of the fibers. Chrysotile asbestos is included in this category.

Silica - the main component of sand. When inhaled on a consistent basis silica can cause lung cancer and other lung diseases.

Small Cell Lung Cancer - one of four main types of lung cancer. Cells of this type appear small and round under the microscope. This type is also known as oat cell cancer.

Sputum - phlegm and other material that is brought up from the lungs during coughing.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma - cancer that develops in squamous cells of many different organs, including the skin, lungs, and esophagus.

Stage - the stage of a cancer refers to how advanced it is. The stage of a cancer affects a patient's treatment and prognosis.

Staging - the process of determining what stage a new case of cancer is at. Factors such as the size of the primary tumor, and whether cancer has spread to lymph nodes or other body organs are considered.

State-of-the-Art - this term can have several meanings. In medicine, it can refer to equipment that is as good as current technology allows. In law, it can refer to medical, scientific, or technical knowledge that could have reasonably been known at the time of the manufacture or sale of a product. It may also refer to evidence of industry standards, or to a defense used by defendants who claim lack of knowledge of asbestos hazards.

Statute of Limitations - a legal time limit. A person who wants to file a lawsuit must do so before the statute of limitations pertaining to their particular case expires.

Stress - a physical or psychological factor that may cause illness.

Stroma - the supportive and connective tissue of an organ.

Surgery - a medical procedure that may involve the removal of diseased tissue, repair of damaged tissue, or examination of tissue to determine what type of disease is present.

Symptom - changes in bodily processes or functions that occur as a result of disease or injury to the body.

Synergistic Effect - an effect that occurs when two or more substances (for example, medications) have a more powerful effect when used together than either has been used alone. Many chemotherapeutic agents have synergistic effects, and chemotherapy regimens often include treatment with more than one drug.

Systemic Therapy - treatment in which a substance is administered via the bloodstream, so that the entire body can be treated. Many chemotherapeutic agents are systemic, so that cancer cells that may have metastasized can be killed.

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