Bell Asbestos Mines

Bell Asbestos Mines’ History with Asbestos

For more than a century, the Canadian province of Quebec was one of the world’s largest asbestos-producing regions. It began in 1876 with the opening of the Bell mine in a small town called Thetford Mines, an area rich with naturally occurring asbestos, and the first to commercially mine asbestos on a large scale.

In 1936, Turner & Newall acquired the mine and used its asbestos in a product called Sprayed Limpet Asbestos and other asbestos products such as cement and textiles. Turner & Newall also brokered raw asbestos to companies worldwide, with most sales going to the U.S.

Sprayed Limpet Asbestos was a spray-on asbestos insulation widely regarded as one of the most dangerous asbestos products ever produced. It contained 60% asbestos, 38% cement and 2% mineral oil.

Insulation workers applied Limpet to steel beams, girders, columns and the underside of flooring as a fireproofing agent. Workers also coated ceilings and walls with the product as an acoustical treatment. In addition, HVAC workers were likely exposed to Limpet used as thermal insulation for energy-producing turbines.

Limpet caused high levels of asbestos exposure among the workers who used the product because raw asbestos fibers were mixed on-site before being sprayed onto surfaces. It was replaced by sprayed slag wool in 1976, after the U.S. banned sprayed insulation containing more than 1% asbestos.

Many workers who mined and milled asbestos at Bell Asbestos Mines, and the workers who manufactured or used products made from Bell asbestos, later developed mesothelioma and sued for compensation.

The company that acquired Turner & Newall, Federal Mogul Corporation, was forced to file for bankruptcy because of these lawsuits and established a trust fund to handle future claims.

Development of the T&N Subfund Trust

As part of Federal-Mogul’s reorganization plan, a separate fund was created to handle only lawsuits against Turner & Newall, which included claims resulting from Bell Asbestos Mines. The fund, named the T&N Subfund of the Federal-Mogul Asbestos Injury Trust, began accepting claims in August 2010. It was initially funded with $635 million.

Similar to other asbestos trust funds, the T&N Subfund offers claimants a choice of processing method: expedited or individual. The expedited claims take less time, but a single, fixed payment is dispensed to all claimants regardless of exposure or health condition. Individual reviews take more time and payment amounts vary.

The current payment percentage for the T&N Subfund is 8.5%. According to a 2018 trust document, the scheduled value of a mesothelioma claim is $200,000.

In September 2021, the trustees filed policy changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. They now allow electronic signatures on exposure evidence documents and will accept the signature of one witness instead of notarization on release forms.

Asbestos Litigation Involving Bell Asbestos Mines

Bell Asbestos Mines faced several liabilities related to asbestos exposure. From 1932 until the late 1970s, it supplied raw asbestos fiber to many U.S. manufacturing companies.

Turner & Newall defended numerous asbestos lawsuits filed by plaintiffs exposed to asbestos during the processing or transport of raw asbestos.

Turner & Newall also faced many lawsuits related to Sprayed Limpet Asbestos, which it sold in the U.S. from 1967 until 1974.

Geneva Fischer Awarded Nearly $400,000 in Liability Case

In 1984, a New Jersey jury awarded Geneva Fischer $391,000 in her lawsuit against suppliers of asbestos materials. Several defendants named initially in the case were narrowed to just three: Johns Manville, Bell Asbestos Mines and Celotex Corporation.

The jury found Johns Manville 80% liable and Bell 20% liable for the death of Geneva Fischer’s husband, James, who died of asbestos-related lung cancer. Mr. Fischer worked with a variety of asbestos products from 1938 to 1942. Bell was ordered to pay $5,000 in compensatory damages and $60,000 in punitive damages.

Fischer’s lawsuit claimed the companies failed to warn of the dangers of working with asbestos products. Fischer never wore protective equipment and wasn’t instructed on safe handling of asbestos by his employer or by the suppliers of the products, Johns Manville and Bell.

The two companies appealed the ruling, but the Supreme Court of New Jersey affirmed the judgment on July 31, 1986. Claims against Celotex Corporation were dismissed.

Major Decision Made in Washington D.C.

In 1985, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia denied the motions to dismiss defendants Turner & Newall, Atlas-Turner Inc. and Bell Asbestos Mines from the case McDaniel vs. Armstrong World Industries.

The motions alleged that the court lacked personal jurisdiction over the defendants, since they had not had contacts with the district for more than a decade at the time of the lawsuit.

Plaintiff Fletcher McDaniel worked as a plasterer’s helper from 1950 to 1982, working at various job sites in and around Washington D.C. McDaniel, who was diagnosed with pulmonary disease in 1983, claimed he was exposed to asbestos-containing products during his career, including Sprayed Limpet Asbestos.

Courts around the U.S. would later refine statutes of limitations for those diagnosed with asbestos-related diseases, given the unusually long latency periods associated with the illnesses.

Delaware Court Grants Summary Judgment

On Oct. 6, 2011, the Superior Court of the State of Delaware granted Bell Asbestos Mines’ motion for summary judgment. A court order that means no factual issues remain to be tried. All causes of action in the legal claim could be decided based on the facts without a trial.

Plaintiffs Robert and Carolyn Truitt sued Bell Asbestos Mines and Atlas Asbestos Co., along with other defendants who manufactured, installed, supplied or were otherwise associated with asbestos products. Robert Truitt, diagnosed with asbestosis and lung cancer, reportedly used sprayed Limpet asbestos during his employment at the DuPont nylon manufacturing plant in Seaford, Delaware.

At that time, Bell owned Atlas, but since the companies later split into separate corporations, it was unclear which of the two successor companies should be held liable for Truitt’s injuries.

The Superior Court of Delaware ruled that Bell was entitled to summary judgment “given the corporate identity between Bell and Atlas Turner at the time when the harm was alleged to have occurred.” As the case did not go to trial, it was settled out of court for an undisclosed amount.

Bell’s Asbestos Products & Workers at Risk

Bell Asbestos Mines produced raw chrysotile asbestos fiber. Turner & Newall used this fiber to manufacture several asbestos products.

• Asbestos adhesives
• Asbestos cement
• Asbestos insulation materials
• Asbestos paper
• Asbestos textiles, including yarn and cloth
• Sprayed Limpet Asbestos

The occupations most at risk of direct asbestos exposure from Bell Asbestos Mines were miners and millers of chrysotile asbestos. In addition to these workers, Limpet and other asbestos products by Turner & Newall exposed many construction workers and people working in sites where Limpet was applied. 

Limpet was commonly found in schools, public buildings, churches, hospitals, manufacturing plants, automobile assembly plants, metal factories, power plants and oil refineries. Many other occupations were also exposed to Bell’s asbestos fibers and Turner & Newall’s products, including:

• Carpenters
• Chemical plant workers
• Construction workers
• Electricians
• Factory workers
• HVAC workers
• Insulation workers
• Metal workers
• Millers
• Miners
• Painters
• Power plant workers
• Refinery workers
• Teachers

Many workers in these occupations faced frequent and prolonged contact with toxic asbestos fibers, increasing their risk of developing serious health conditions. People in these jobs must know the risks and take appropriate safety measures to reduce exposure.

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