Why It’s Important to Handle Asbestos Safely

Abatement workers handling asbestos-contaminated products
Asbestos removal professional in protective gear.

Improper asbestos cleanup can release tiny fibers into the air. This raises the risk of serious illnesses like mesothelioma, lung cancer and asbestosis. The damage asbestos-related diseases cause is irreversible. These diseases are treatable but incurable.

In the U.S. alone, around 39,000 people die each year from diseases connected to asbestos exposure, according to the Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization. Every year, more than 200,000 people die from asbestos exposure at work. This makes up more than 70% of all job-related cancer deaths. These diseases often develop 20 to 60 years after exposure, and even short asbestos exposure can be harmful. 

Mishandling it can also risk family, neighbors and the public. For example, Raeleen Minchuk Prokopetz tells us she was exposed to asbestos as a baby, crawling in her grandparents’ home during renovations. Doctors diagnosed Prokopetz with malignant mesothelioma decades later.

She shares that now her son works in restoration and his duties include asbestos abatement. She says, “He’s 21 years old and working with asbestos. His risk of exposure scares me.” While worried for his safety, Raeleen tells us she’s proud of him for helping others reduce their risk safely.

How to Handle and Dispose of Asbestos

The safest way to handle and dispose of asbestos is to hire a licensed asbestos abatement professional. These experts follow strict rules and best practices to protect others from risk. If you suspect there’s asbestos in your home, don’t disturb it. Damaging or moving it can release dangerous asbestos fibers into the air.

Asbestos containment is key. Abatement experts seal the area with polyethylene sheeting and duct tape. They also use HEPA-filtered negative air machines. These machines pull in fresh air and stop harmful asbestos fibers from escaping. This setup keeps the contaminated space under control and protects the rest of the home during the removal process. 

Steps Professionals Follow for Proper Asbestos Handling

  1. Assess and plan the project: First, licensed abatement teams check the site for asbestos. They look at the type and amount present. Next, they figure out how to contain it. Then they get the necessary permits before beginning work.
  2. Seal off the work area: Workers enclose the area with plastic sheeting and warning signs. Negative air pressure machines with HEPA filters help with asbestos containment, drawing air inward.
  3. Wear protective gear: Workers wear N-100 or P-100 respirators. They also wear disposable suits, gloves and goggles. This gear helps protect them from exposure.
  4. Remove and contain asbestos: Workers wet materials to prevent dust, then double-bag them in thick plastic. Workers place the bags in sealed, labeled containers for transport to approved landfills.
  5. Decontaminate and clean: Before leaving, workers must remove dust from their gear and clothes. The site is cleaned with wet wipes and HEPA vacuums to eliminate lingering fibers.

We spoke with asbestos abatement expert and industrial hygienist Tony Rich about his advice for home owners or renters who suspect asbestos is present in their home. He tells us, “Do not disturb suspect asbestos-containing materials. Hire a reputable asbestos control professional for consultation. A licensed asbestos abatement contractor has the proper training and personal protective equipment to remove an asbestos-containing material safely and minimize exposure risks.” 

Rich adds, “It is not recommended for homeowners or renters to remove asbestos themselves. Microscopic asbestos dust can become airborne and contaminate surfaces throughout the home, as well as settle inside the HVAC duct system and various electronics. Asbestos particles can become embedded in porous contents and materials such clothing, bedding, carpet, upholstery, curtains, etc.”

How Is Asbestos Recycled?

Asbestos is recycled using special equipment and expert knowledge. It involves chemical, mechanical or microwave methods of destroying asbestos fibers and turning them into safe materials like glass, ceramic or concrete filler.

This process keeps asbestos out of landfills and removes the health risk. However, in the U.S., only a few government or research-backed programs currently recycle asbestos. It’s not something homeowners can do or access. 

Methods for Professional Asbestos Recycling 

  • Heated sodium hydroxide: This method heats asbestos in sodium hydroxide to more than 1,250°C. The heat breaks down the fibers, turning them into a safe glass material. This glass is used in tiles, ceramics, and roadwork.
  • High-speed milling: Machines grind asbestos at high speeds until the fibers break apart. The leftover material is a safe mineral.
  • Microwave treatment: Microwaves heat the asbestos and turn it into solid materials like ceramic bricks or porcelain tiles.

Some methods can reduce asbestos waste up to 99%. The results are safe to use, but the technology is still expensive and not easy to access. In the U.S., the Department of Defense has used asbestos recycling at certain sites, but most local removal companies still use traditional asbestos disposal or containment methods. This means most asbestos is disposed of in landfills because recycling options are so limited.

Benefits of Recycling Asbestos Materials

Recycling asbestos offers benefits such as reduced environmental harm, safer disposal and the ability to repurpose waste into new materials. In some cases, it may also help lower overall project costs. Turning asbestos into safe materials is a permanent solution that keeps harmful fibers out of landfills and the environment. 

Advantages of Recycled Asbestos

  • Cost offset: Selling recycled materials can help offset abatement costs in large-scale projects.
  • Environmental impact: Fewer hazardous materials go to landfills, protecting workers and nearby communities.
  • Ethical disposal: Eliminating asbestos fibers prevents future exposure risks and disease.
  • Material reuse: Recycled asbestos can be turned into usable products like tiles and road base.
  • Waste reduction: Recycling can shrink the volume of asbestos waste up to 99%.

While private companies continue refining the technology to make it more cost-effective, it’s still not available to the public. If you’re interested in advocating for asbestos recycling to become more widely available, you can take steps to support that goal. You can contact members of Congress to urge support for funding, research and infrastructure needed to expand recycling programs. 

Getting involved with national advocacy groups like the Environmental Working Group, which campaigns for strong asbestos regulations and public health protections, can potentially help advance these efforts. Working with mesothelioma advocacy groups like ADAO may also help raise awareness about the benefits of asbestos recycling.

Regulations on Asbestos Handling and Disposal

In the U.S., state rules and federal legislation govern asbestos handling and disposal. These laws aim to protect workers, the public and the environment. Regulations cover everything from how asbestos is identified and removed to where and how it can be transported and disposed of. Most of these rules come from long-standing federal laws that key government agencies enforce.

Federal Asbestos Laws

  • Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (1986) and Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Reauthorization Act: Set standards for identifying and removing asbestos in schools.
  • Asbestos National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP): Developed under the Clean Air Act to regulate asbestos use during building renovations and demolitions.
  • Clean Air Act of 1970: Recognized asbestos as a hazardous air pollutant and directed the EPA to establish safety standards.
  • OSHA Construction Standards: Establish federal rules for handling and disposing of asbestos on construction sites.
  • OSHA General Industry Standards: Regulates asbestos safety across a wide range of industries, with specific rules for shipyards and maritime workers.
  • Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976: Gave the EPA power to regulate materials that contain asbestos.

Most uses of asbestos are banned in the U.S., but the toxic mineral is still legal for certain industrial applications. In March 2024, the EPA finalized a rule banning chrysotile asbestos, though it allowed phased timelines for some industries. For example, titanium dioxide production and nuclear materials processing have 5-year phaseouts. such as chloralkali and titanium dioxide production. Mesothelioma advocacy groups like ADAO continue to call for a full ban on all forms and uses of asbestos in the country.

Agencies That Determine and Oversee Asbestos Regulations

Two main federal agencies are responsible for setting and enforcing asbestos regulations. The Environmental Protection Agency creates and manages rules for asbestos products, abatement and licensing. EPA officials also support asbestos programs in each state.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration enforces safety standards for asbestos removal. This applies to construction, general industry and maritime jobs. Also, 28 states have OSHA-approved programs. These programs can have stricter rules than federal ones.

Although asbestos use has declined in the U.S., laws and regulations are still in place to manage legacy asbestos in older buildings. If you find asbestos in your home, even unintentional disturbance can lead to legal violations, fines or forced project shutdowns. Knowing what the law requires helps you avoid costly setbacks and ensures that any work involving asbestos is handled properly and legally.

How to Identify and Protect Your Family from Asbestos

Individual asbestos fibers are microscopic, requiring a microscope to see them. But sometimes when asbestos products are damaged, you can see visible bundles of asbestos fibers. Professional testing is required to confirm the presence of asbestos.

Tony Rich explains some asbestos products exhibit “clues” about their contents. He shares, “For example, floor tiles measuring nine inches square, are more often than not, asbestos-containing. Certain types of pipe insulation, such as ‘aircell’ which looks like gray corrugated paper, or ‘magnesia,’ which looks white, chalky and fibrous, are additional examples of classic asbestos-containing insulations.”

Older Products Commonly Containing Asbestos

  • Adhesives
  • Ceiling materials
  • Drywall
  • Electrical components
  • Fireplace materials
  • Flooring materials
  • HVAC ductwork
  • Insulation
  • Plumbing
  • Roofing materials
  • Shingles and siding

Vintage or antique asbestos products reused in home projects can also pose a serious health risk. For example, floor tiles, shingles and fireplace materials made before the 1990s can release harmful asbestos fibers when cut, sanded or disturbed. Even some newer homes may contain asbestos in materials like cement sheets or tile. A licensed inspection helps identify these risks before any remodeling, repurposing or installation takes place.

How to Report Improper Abatement

If you suspect someone removed asbestos improperly, especially in a rental or public space, you have the right to report it. Doing so can help prevent environmental contamination and protect others from accidental exposure.

Reporting Suspected Abatement Violations

  • EPA: Report online on the EPA’s website.
  • Local authorities: Search online for your state or county environmental quality department.
  • OSHA: Call 1-800-321-OSHA or contact your nearest OSHA office.

Improper asbestos removal can put entire communities at risk. Reporting suspected violations ensures trained professionals address the situation and responsible parties are held accountable under federal or state laws. Local and national agencies rely on these reports to investigate unsafe practices, prevent further exposure and enforce proper abatement procedures. Following the correct reporting steps helps limit harm and reinforces the importance of safe asbestos management.

Resources on Handling and Disposing of Asbestos

You can find more information about asbestos handling and disposal through national agencies, state resources and university-supported guides. They have resources on how to dispose of asbestos. These include the EPA and OSHA.

Examples of Helpful State and National Resources

You can contact these agencies with questions about local rules, safe cleanup and where to find licensed asbestos professionals in their area. State departments and national agencies offer phone numbers, plain-language guides and steps for staying safe. Many resources include checklists to help people follow the process and lower the risk of asbestos exposure.

Common Questions About Removing and Disposing of Asbestos

Is it better to remove asbestos or leave it?

It’s safer to leave asbestos-containing materials undisturbed, especially if they’re in good condition and not at risk of damage. Asbestos is dangerous when its fibers enter the air. For this reason, removal is recommended mainly during renovations or when the material begins to break down. Always consult a licensed asbestos professional before deciding.

How much does asbestos removal cost?

The cost of asbestos removal varies depending on the location, size of the project and the amount of material involved. On average, homeowners may pay between $1,000 and $3,000 for small-scale jobs, but large projects can exceed $10,000. Factors like testing, containment setup and disposal fees all contribute to the total price.

Is asbestos still found in homes today?

Yes, many homes built before the 1990s still have asbestos. You can find it in insulation, roofing, flooring and ceiling tiles. Even some newer homes may have asbestos in imported materials. If you’re unsure about your home, especially during remodeling, it’s best to have it professionally inspected and tested.

What should I do if I think I was exposed while handling asbestos materials?

If you recently handled asbestos and think you were exposed, leave the area, remove your clothing, seal it in a plastic bag and wash your skin and hair with soap and water. Rinse your eyes with clean water if dust got into them. Don’t go back to the area until a trained professional says it’s safe. Avoid cleaning or disturbing anything that might still contain asbestos. Most asbestos-related diseases take many years to develop, and brief exposure doesn’t usually cause harm right away.

 

If you think you were exposed in the past, share that history with your doctor, even if you feel fine. Give details about where and when the exposure may have happened and for how long. Talk with your doctor about mesothelioma screenings and whether you need any tests now or later. If you have signs like shortness of breath, chest pain or a cough that doesn’t go away, ask if you should see a mesothelioma specialist. This type of doctor has the training to diagnose and treat diseases linked to asbestos and can help you learn about testing and next steps.

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